/*

 mpatch.c - efficient binary patching for Mercurial

 This implements a patch algorithm that's O(m + nlog n) where m is the

 size of the output and n is the number of patches.

 Given a list of binary patches, it unpacks each into a hunk list,

 then combines the hunk lists with a treewise recursion to form a

 single hunk list. This hunk list is then applied to the original

 text.

 The text (or binary) fragments are copied directly from their source

 Python objects into a preallocated output string to avoid the

 allocation of intermediate Python objects. Working memory is about 2x

 the total number of hunks.

 Copyright 2005, 2006 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>

 This software may be used and distributed according to the terms

 of the GNU General Public License, incorporated herein by reference.

*/

#include <Python.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#ifdef _WIN32

# ifdef _MSC_VER

/* msvc 6.0 has problems */

#  define inline __inline

typedef unsigned long uint32_t;

# else

#  include <stdint.h>

# endif

static uint32_t ntohl(uint32_t x)

{

	return ((x & 0x000000ffUL) << 24) |

		((x & 0x0000ff00UL) <<  8) |

		((x & 0x00ff0000UL) >>  8) |

		((x & 0xff000000UL) >> 24);

}

#else

/* not windows */

# include <sys/types.h>

# ifdef __BEOS__

#  include <ByteOrder.h>

# else

#  include <arpa/inet.h>

# endif

# include <inttypes.h>

#endif

static char mpatch_doc[] = "Efficient binary patching.";

static PyObject *mpatch_Error;

struct frag {

	int start, end, len;

	const char *data;

};

struct flist {

	struct frag *base, *head, *tail;

};

static struct flist *lalloc(int size)

{

	struct flist *a = NULL;

	if (size < 1)

		size = 1;

	a = (struct flist *)malloc(sizeof(struct flist));

	if (a) {

		a->base = (struct frag *)malloc(sizeof(struct frag) * size);

		if (a->base) {

			a->head = a->tail = a->base;

			return a;

		}

		free(a);

		a = NULL;

	}

	if (!PyErr_Occurred())

		PyErr_NoMemory();

	return NULL;

}

static void lfree(struct flist *a)

{

	if (a) {

		free(a->base);

		free(a);

	}

}

static int lsize(struct flist *a)

{

	return a->tail - a->head;

}

/* move hunks in source that are less cut to dest, compensating

   for changes in offset. the last hunk may be split if necessary.

*/

static int gather(struct flist *dest, struct flist *src, int cut, int offset)

{

	struct frag *d = dest->tail, *s = src->head;

	int postend, c, l;

	while (s != src->tail) {

		if (s->start + offset >= cut)

			break; /* we've gone far enough */

		postend = offset + s->start + s->len;

		if (postend <= cut) {

			/* save this hunk */

			offset += s->start + s->len - s->end;

			*d++ = *s++;

		}

		else {

			/* break up this hunk */

			c = cut - offset;

			if (s->end < c)

				c = s->end;

			l = cut - offset - s->start;

			if (s->len < l)

				l = s->len;

			offset += s->start + l - c;

			d->start = s->start;

			d->end = c;

			d->len = l;

			d->data = s->data;

			d++;

			s->start = c;

			s->len = s->len - l;

			s->data = s->data + l;

			break;

		}

	}

	dest->tail = d;

	src->head = s;

	return offset;

}

/* like gather, but with no output list */

static int discard(struct flist *src, int cut, int offset)

{

	struct frag *s = src->head;

	int postend, c, l;

	while (s != src->tail) {

		if (s->start + offset >= cut)

			break;

		postend = offset + s->start + s->len;

		if (postend <= cut) {

			offset += s->start + s->len - s->end;

			s++;

		}

		else {

			c = cut - offset;

			if (s->end < c)

				c = s->end;

			l = cut - offset - s->start;

			if (s->len < l)

				l = s->len;

			offset += s->start + l - c;

			s->start = c;

			s->len = s->len - l;

			s->data = s->data + l;

			break;

		}

	}

	src->head = s;

	return offset;

}

/* combine hunk lists a and b, while adjusting b for offset changes in a/

   this deletes a and b and returns the resultant list. */

static struct flist *combine(struct flist *a, struct flist *b)

{

	struct flist *c = NULL;

	struct frag *bh, *ct;

	int offset = 0, post;

	if (a && b)

		c = lalloc((lsize(a) + lsize(b)) * 2);

	if (c) {

		for (bh = b->head; bh != b->tail; bh++) {

			/* save old hunks */

			offset = gather(c, a, bh->start, offset);

			/* discard replaced hunks */

			post = discard(a, bh->end, offset);

			/* insert new hunk */

			ct = c->tail;

			ct->start = bh->start - offset;

			ct->end = bh->end - post;

			ct->len = bh->len;

			ct->data = bh->data;

			c->tail++;

			offset = post;

		}

		/* hold on to tail from a */

		memcpy(c->tail, a->head, sizeof(struct frag) * lsize(a));

		c->tail += lsize(a);

	}

	lfree(a);

	lfree(b);

	return c;

}

/* decode a binary patch into a hunk list */

static struct flist *decode(const char *bin, int len)

{

	struct flist *l;

	struct frag *lt;

	const char *data = bin + 12, *end = bin + len;

	char decode[12]; /* for dealing with alignment issues */

	/* assume worst case size, we won't have many of these lists */

	l = lalloc(len / 12);

	if (!l)

		return NULL;

	lt = l->tail;

	while (data <= end) {

		memcpy(decode, bin, 12);

		lt->start = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)decode);

		lt->end = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)(decode + 4));

		lt->len = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)(decode + 8));

		if (lt->start > lt->end)

			break; /* sanity check */

		bin = data + lt->len;

		if (bin < data)

			break; /* big data + big (bogus) len can wrap around */

		lt->data = data;

		data = bin + 12;

		lt++;

	}

	if (bin != end) {

		if (!PyErr_Occurred())

			PyErr_SetString(mpatch_Error, "patch cannot be decoded");

		lfree(l);

		return NULL;

	}

	l->tail = lt;

	return l;

}

/* calculate the size of resultant text */

static int calcsize(int len, struct flist *l)

{

	int outlen = 0, last = 0;

	struct frag *f = l->head;

	while (f != l->tail) {

		if (f->start < last || f->end > len) {

			if (!PyErr_Occurred())

				PyErr_SetString(mpatch_Error,

				                "invalid patch");

			return -1;

		}

		outlen += f->start - last;

		last = f->end;

		outlen += f->len;

		f++;

	}

	outlen += len - last;

	return outlen;

}

static int apply(char *buf, const char *orig, int len, struct flist *l)

{

	struct frag *f = l->head;

	int last = 0;

	char *p = buf;

	while (f != l->tail) {

		if (f->start < last || f->end > len) {

			if (!PyErr_Occurred())

				PyErr_SetString(mpatch_Error,

				                "invalid patch");

			return 0;

		}

		memcpy(p, orig + last, f->start - last);

		p += f->start - last;

		memcpy(p, f->data, f->len);

		last = f->end;

		p += f->len;

		f++;

	}

	memcpy(p, orig + last, len - last);

	return 1;

}

/* recursively generate a patch of all bins between start and end */

static struct flist *fold(PyObject *bins, int start, int end)

{

	const char *buffer;

	if (start + 1 == end) {

		/* trivial case, output a decoded list */

		PyObject *tmp = PyList_GetItem(bins, start);

		if (!tmp)

			return NULL;

		if (PyObject_AsCharBuffer(tmp, &buffer, &blen))

			return NULL;

		return decode(buffer, blen);

	}

	/* divide and conquer, memory management is elsewhere */

	len = (end - start) / 2;

	return combine(fold(bins, start, start + len),

		       fold(bins, start + len, end));

}

static PyObject *

patches(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)

{

	PyObject *text, *bins, *result;

	struct flist *patch;

	const char *in;

	char *out;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "OO:mpatch", &text, &bins))

		return NULL;

	len = PyList_Size(bins);

	if (!len) {

		/* nothing to do */

		Py_INCREF(text);

		return text;

	}

	if (PyObject_AsCharBuffer(text, &in, &inlen))

		return NULL;

	patch = fold(bins, 0, len);

	if (!patch)

		return NULL;

	outlen = calcsize(inlen, patch);

	if (outlen < 0) {

		result = NULL;

		goto cleanup;

	}

	result = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, outlen);

	if (!result) {

		result = NULL;

		goto cleanup;

	}

	out = PyString_AsString(result);

	if (!apply(out, in, inlen, patch)) {

		Py_DECREF(result);

		result = NULL;

	}

cleanup:

	lfree(patch);

	return result;

}

/* calculate size of a patched file directly */

static PyObject *

patchedsize(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)

{

	long orig, start, end, len, outlen = 0, last = 0;

	int patchlen;

	char *bin, *binend, *data;

	char decode[12]; /* for dealing with alignment issues */

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ls#", &orig, &bin, &patchlen))

		return NULL;

	binend = bin + patchlen;

	data = bin + 12;