$ HGFOO=BAR; export HGFOO

  $ cat >> $HGRCPATH <<EOF

  > [alias]

  > # should clobber ci but not commit (issue2993)

  > ci = version

  > myinit = init

  > myinit:doc = This is my documented alias for init.

  > myinit:help = [OPTIONS] [BLA] [BLE]

  > mycommit = commit

  > mycommit:doc = This is my alias with only doc.

  > optionalrepo = showconfig alias.myinit

  > cleanstatus = status -c

  > cleanstatus:help = [ONLYHELPHERE]

  > unknown = bargle

  > ambiguous = s

  > recursive = recursive

  > disabled = email

  > nodefinition =

  > noclosingquotation = '

  > no--cwd = status --cwd elsewhere

  > no-R = status -R elsewhere

  > no--repo = status --repo elsewhere

  > no--repository = status --repository elsewhere

  > no--config = status --config a.config=1

  > mylog = log

  > lognull = log -r null

  > lognull:doc = Logs the null rev

  > lognull:help = foo bar baz

  > shortlog = log --template '{rev} {node|short} | {date|isodate}\n'

  > positional = log --template '{\$2} {\$1} | {date|isodate}\n'

  > dln = lognull --debug

  > recursivedoc = dln

  > recursivedoc:doc = Logs the null rev in debug mode

  > nousage = rollback

  > put = export -r 0 -o "\$FOO/%R.diff"

  > blank = !printf '\n'

  > self = !printf '\$0\n'

  > echoall = !printf '\$@\n'

  > echo1 = !printf '\$1\n'

  > echo2 = !printf '\$2\n'

  > echo13 = !printf '\$1 \$3\n'

  > echotokens = !printf "%s\n" "\$@"

  > count = !hg log -r "\$@" --template=. | wc -c | sed -e 's/ //g'

  > mcount = !hg log \$@ --template=. | wc -c | sed -e 's/ //g'

  > rt = root

  > tglog = log -G --template "{rev}:{node|short}: '{desc}' {branches}\n"

  > idalias = id

  > idaliaslong = id

  > idaliasshell = !echo test

  > parentsshell1 = !echo one

  > parentsshell2 = !echo two

  > escaped1 = !printf 'test\$\$test\n'

  > escaped2 = !sh -c 'echo "HGFOO is \$\$HGFOO"'

  > escaped3 = !sh -c 'echo "\$1 is \$\$\$1"'

  > escaped4 = !printf '\$\$0 \$\$@\n'

  > exit1 = !sh -c 'exit 1'

  > 

  > [defaults]

  > mylog = -q

  > lognull = -q

  > log = -v

  > EOF

basic

  $ hg myinit alias

help

  $ hg help -c | grep myinit

   myinit       This is my documented alias for init.

  $ hg help -c | grep mycommit

   mycommit     This is my alias with only doc.

  $ hg help -c | grep cleanstatus

  [1]

  $ hg help -c | grep lognull

   lognull      Logs the null rev

  $ hg help -c | grep dln

  [1]

  $ hg help -c | grep recursivedoc

   recursivedoc Logs the null rev in debug mode

  $ hg help myinit

  hg myinit [OPTIONS] [BLA] [BLE]

  alias for: hg init

  This is my documented alias for init.

  defined by: * (glob)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  options:

   -e --ssh CMD       specify ssh command to use

      --remotecmd CMD specify hg command to run on the remote side

      --insecure      do not verify server certificate (ignoring web.cacerts

                      config)

  (some details hidden, use --verbose to show complete help)

  $ hg help mycommit

  hg mycommit [OPTION]... [FILE]...

  alias for: hg commit

  This is my alias with only doc.

  defined by: * (glob)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  options ([+] can be repeated):

   -A --addremove           mark new/missing files as added/removed before

                            committing

      --close-branch        mark a branch head as closed

      --amend               amend the parent of the working directory

   -s --secret              use the secret phase for committing

   -e --edit                invoke editor on commit messages

   -i --interactive         use interactive mode

   -I --include PATTERN [+] include names matching the given patterns

   -X --exclude PATTERN [+] exclude names matching the given patterns

   -m --message TEXT        use text as commit message

   -l --logfile FILE        read commit message from file

   -d --date DATE           record the specified date as commit date

   -u --user USER           record the specified user as committer

   -S --subrepos            recurse into subrepositories

  (some details hidden, use --verbose to show complete help)

  $ hg help cleanstatus

  hg cleanstatus [ONLYHELPHERE]

  alias for: hg status -c

  show changed files in the working directory

      Show status of files in the repository. If names are given, only files

      that match are shown. Files that are clean or ignored or the source of a

      copy/move operation, are not listed unless -c/--clean, -i/--ignored,

      -C/--copies or -A/--all are given. Unless options described with "show

      only ..." are given, the options -mardu are used.

      Option -q/--quiet hides untracked (unknown and ignored) files unless

      explicitly requested with -u/--unknown or -i/--ignored.

      Note:

         'hg status' may appear to disagree with diff if permissions have

         changed or a merge has occurred. The standard diff format does not

         report permission changes and diff only reports changes relative to one

         merge parent.

      If one revision is given, it is used as the base revision. If two

      revisions are given, the differences between them are shown. The --change

      option can also be used as a shortcut to list the changed files of a

      revision from its first parent.

      The codes used to show the status of files are:

        M = modified

        A = added

        R = removed

        C = clean

        ! = missing (deleted by non-hg command, but still tracked)

        ? = not tracked

        I = ignored

          = origin of the previous file (with --copies)

      Returns 0 on success.

  defined by: * (glob)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  */* (glob) (?)

  options ([+] can be repeated):

   -A --all                 show status of all files

   -m --modified            show only modified files

   -a --added               show only added files

   -r --removed             show only removed files

   -d --deleted             show only missing files

   -c --clean               show only files without changes

   -u --unknown             show only unknown (not tracked) files

   -i --ignored             show only ignored files

   -n --no-status           hide status prefix

   -C --copies              show source of copied files

   -0 --print0              end filenames with NUL, for use with xargs

      --rev REV [+]         show difference from revision

      --change REV          list the changed files of a revision

   -I --include PATTERN [+] include names matching the given patterns

   -X --exclude PATTERN [+] exclude names matching the given patterns

   -S --subrepos            recurse into subrepositories

   -T --template TEMPLATE   display with template

  (some details hidden, use --verbose to show complete help)

  $ hg help recursivedoc | head -n 5

  hg recursivedoc foo bar baz

  alias for: hg dln

  Logs the null rev in debug mode

unknown

  $ hg unknown

  config error: alias 'unknown' resolves to unknown command 'bargle'

  [30]

  $ hg help unknown

  alias 'unknown' resolves to unknown command 'bargle'

ambiguous

  $ hg ambiguous

  config error: alias 'ambiguous' resolves to ambiguous command 's'

  [30]

  $ hg help ambiguous

  alias 'ambiguous' resolves to ambiguous command 's'

recursive

  $ hg recursive

  config error: alias 'recursive' resolves to unknown command 'recursive'

  [30]

  $ hg help recursive

  alias 'recursive' resolves to unknown command 'recursive'

disabled

  $ hg disabled

  config error: alias 'disabled' resolves to unknown command 'email'

  ('email' is provided by 'patchbomb' extension)

  [30]

  $ hg help disabled

  alias 'disabled' resolves to unknown command 'email'

  'email' is provided by the following extension:

      patchbomb     command to send changesets as (a series of) patch emails

  (use 'hg help extensions' for information on enabling extensions)

no definition

  $ hg nodef

  config error: no definition for alias 'nodefinition'

  [30]

  $ hg help nodef

  no definition for alias 'nodefinition'

no closing quotation

  $ hg noclosing

  config error: error in definition for alias 'noclosingquotation': No closing quotation

  [30]

  $ hg help noclosing

  error in definition for alias 'noclosingquotation': No closing quotation

"--" in alias definition should be preserved

  $ hg --config alias.dash='cat --' -R alias dash -r0

  abort: -r0 not under root '$TESTTMP/alias'

  (consider using '--cwd alias')

  [255]

invalid options

  $ hg no--cwd

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no--cwd': --cwd may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg help no--cwd

  error in definition for alias 'no--cwd': --cwd may only be given on the

  command line

  $ hg no-R

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no-R': -R may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg help no-R

  error in definition for alias 'no-R': -R may only be given on the command line

  $ hg no--repo

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no--repo': --repo may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg help no--repo

  error in definition for alias 'no--repo': --repo may only be given on the

  command line

  $ hg no--repository

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no--repository': --repository may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg help no--repository

  error in definition for alias 'no--repository': --repository may only be given

  on the command line

  $ hg no--config

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no--config': --config may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg no --config alias.no='--repo elsewhere --cwd elsewhere status'

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no': --repo/--cwd may only be given on the command line

  [30]

  $ hg no --config alias.no='--repo elsewhere'

  config error: error in definition for alias 'no': --repo may only be given on the command line

  [30]

optional repository

#if no-outer-repo

  $ hg optionalrepo

  init

#endif

  $ cd alias

  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF

  > [alias]

  > myinit = init -q

  > EOF

  $ hg optionalrepo

  init -q

no usage

  $ hg nousage

  no rollback information available

  [1]

  $ echo foo > foo

  $ hg commit -Amfoo

  adding foo

infer repository

  $ cd ..

#if no-outer-repo

  $ hg shortlog alias/foo

  0 e63c23eaa88a | 1970-01-01 00:00 +0000

#endif

  $ cd alias

with opts

  $ hg cleanst

  C foo

with opts and whitespace

  $ hg shortlog

  0 e63c23eaa88a | 1970-01-01 00:00 +0000

positional arguments

  $ hg positional

  abort: too few arguments for command alias

  [10]

  $ hg positional a

  abort: too few arguments for command alias

  [10]

  $ hg positional 'node|short' rev

  0 e63c23eaa88a | 1970-01-01 00:00 +0000

interaction with defaults

  $ hg mylog

  0:e63c23eaa88a

  $ hg lognull

  -1:000000000000

properly recursive

  $ hg dln

  changeset:   -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  phase:       public

  parent:      -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  parent:      -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  manifest:    -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  user:        

  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  extra:       branch=default

path expanding

  $ FOO=`pwd` hg put

  $ cat 0.diff

  # HG changeset patch

  # User test

  # Date 0 0

  #      Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  # Node ID e63c23eaa88ae77967edcf4ea194d31167c478b0

  # Parent  0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  foo

  diff -r 000000000000 -r e63c23eaa88a foo

  --- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  +++ b/foo	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@

  +foo

simple shell aliases

  $ hg blank

  $ hg blank foo

  $ hg self

  self