HG(1)

=====

Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>

NAME

----

hg - Mercurial source code management system

SYNOPSIS

--------

'hg' [-v -d -q -y] <command> [command options] [files]

DESCRIPTION

-----------

The hg(1) command provides a command line interface to the Mercurial system.

OPTIONS

-------

--debug, -d::

    enable debugging output

--quiet, -q::

    suppress output

--verbose, -v::

    enable additional output

--noninteractive, -y::

    do not prompt, assume 'yes' for any required answers

COMMAND ELEMENTS

----------------

files ...::

    indicates one or more filename or relative path filenames; see

    "FILE NAME PATTERNS" for information on pattern matching

path::

    indicates a path on the local machine

revision::

    indicates a changeset which can be specified as a changeset revision

    number, a tag, or a unique substring of the changeset hash value

repository path::

    either the pathname of a local repository or the URI of a remote

    repository.  There are two available URI protocols, http:// which is

    fast and the old-http:// protocol which is much slower but does not

    require a special server on the web host.

COMMANDS

--------

add [options] [files ...]::

    Schedule files to be version controlled and added to the repository.

    The files will be added to the repository at the next commit.

    If no names are given, add all files in the current directory and

    its subdirectories.

addremove [options] [files ...]::

    Add all new files and remove all missing files from the repository.

    New files are ignored if they match any of the patterns in .hgignore. As

    with add, these changes take effect at the next commit.

annotate [-r <rev> -u -n -c] [files ...]::

    List changes in files, showing the revision id responsible for each line

    This command is useful to discover who did a change or when a change took

    place.

    options:

    -I, --include <pat>  include directories matching the given patterns

    -X, --exclude <pat>  exclude directories matching the given patterns

    -r, --revision <rev>  annotate the specified revision

    -u, --user            list the author

    -c, --changeset       list the changeset

    -n, --number          list the revision number (default)

cat <file> [revision]::

    Output to stdout the given revision for the specified file.

    If no revision is given then the tip is used.

clone [-U] <source> [dest]::

    Create a copy of an existing repository in a new directory.

    If no destination directory name is specified, it defaults to the

    basename of the source.

    The source is added to the new repository's .hg/hgrc file to be used in

    future pulls.

    For efficiency, hardlinks are used for cloning whenever the

    source and destination are on the same filesystem.

    options:

    -U, --noupdate   do not update the new working directory

commit [-A -t -l <file> -m <text> -u <user> -d <datecode>] [files...]::

    Commit changes to the given files into the repository.

    If a list of files is omitted, all changes reported by "hg status"

    will be commited.

    The HGEDITOR or EDITOR environment variables are used to start an

    editor to add a commit comment.

    Options:

    -A, --addremove       run addremove during commit

    -m, --message <text>  use <text> as commit message

    -l, --logfile <file>  show the commit message for the given file

    -d, --date <datecode> record datecode as commit date

    -u, --user <user>     record user as commiter

    aliases: ci

copy <source> <dest>::

    Mark <dest> file as a copy or rename of a <source> one

    This command takes effect for the next commit.

diff [-r revision] [-r revision] [files ...]::

    Show differences between revisions for the specified files.

    Differences between files are shown using the unified diff format.

    When two revision arguments are given, then changes are shown

    between those revisions. If only one revision is specified then

    that revision is compared to the working directory, and, when no

    revisions are specified, the working directory files are compared

    to its parent.

    options:

    -I, --include <pat>  include directories matching the given patterns

    -X, --exclude <pat>  exclude directories matching the given patterns

export [-o filespec] [revision] ...::

    Print the changeset header and diffs for one or more revisions.

    The information shown in the changeset header is: author,

    changeset hash, parent and commit comment.

    Output may be to a file, in which case the name of the file is

    given using a format string.  The formatting rules are as follows:

    %%   literal "%" character

    %H   changeset hash (40 bytes of hexadecimal)

    %N   number of patches being generated

    %R   changeset revision number

    %b   basename of the exporting repository

    %h   short-form changeset hash (12 bytes of hexadecimal)

    %n   zero-padded sequence number, starting at 1

    %r   zero-padded changeset revision number

    Options:

    -o, --output <filespec>   print output to file with formatted named

    Undo an 'hg add' scheduled for the next commit.

heads::

    Show all repository head changesets.

    Repository "heads" are changesets that don't have children

    changesets. They are where development generally takes place and

    are the usual targets for update and merge operations.

identify::

    Print a short summary of the current state of the repo.

    This summary identifies the repository state using one or two parent

    hash identifiers, followed by a "+" if there are uncommitted changes

    in the working directory, followed by a list of tags for this revision.

    aliases: id

import [-p <n> -b <base> -q] <patches>::

    Import a list of patches and commit them individually.

    options:

    -p, --strip <n>   directory strip option for patch. This has the same

                      meaning as the correnponding patch option

    -b <path>         base directory to read patches from

    aliases: patch

init::

    Initialize a new repository in the current directory.

locate [options] [files]::

    Print all files under Mercurial control whose names match the

    given patterns.

    This command searches the current directory and its

    subdirectories.  To search an entire repository, move to the root

    of the repository.

    If no patterns are given to match, this command prints all file

    names.

    If you want to feed the output of this command into the "xargs"

    command, use the "-0" option to both this command and "xargs".

    This will avoid the problem of "xargs" treating single filenames

    that contain white space as multiple file names.

    options:

    -0, --print0         end filenames with NUL, for use with xargs

    -f, --fullpath       print complete paths from the filesystem root

    -I, --include <pat>  include directories matching the given patterns

    -r, --rev <rev>      search the repository as it stood at rev

    -X, --exclude <pat>  exclude directories matching the given patterns

log [-r revision ...] [-p] [file]::

    Print the revision history of the specified file or the entire project.

    By default this command outputs: changeset id and hash, tags,

    parents, user, date and time, and a summary for each commit. The

    -v switch adds some more detail, such as changed files, manifest

    hashes or message signatures.

    options:

    -r, --rev <A>, ...  When a revision argument is given, only this file or

                        changelog revision is displayed. With two revision

                        arguments all revisions in this range are listed.

                        Additional revision arguments may be given repeating

                        the above cycle.

    -p, --patch         show patch

    aliases: history

manifest [revision]::

    Print a list of version controlled files for the given revision.

    The manifest is the list of files being version controlled. If no revision

    is given then the tip is used.

parents::

    Print the working directory's parent revisions.

pull <repository path>::

    Pull changes from a remote repository to a local one.

    This finds all changes from the repository at the specified path

    or URL and adds them to the local repository. By default, this

    does not update the copy of the project in the working directory.

    options:

    -u, --update   update the working directory to tip after pull

push <destination>::

    Push changes from the local repository to the given destination.

    This is the symmetrical operation for pull. It helps to move

    changes from the current repository to a different one. If the

    destination is local this is identical to a pull in that directory

    from the current one.

    The other currently available push method is SSH. This requires an

    accessible shell account on the destination machine and a copy of

    hg in the remote path. Destinations are specified in the following

    form:

      ssh://[user@]host[:port]/path

rawcommit [-p -d -u -F -m -l]::

    Lowlevel commit, for use in helper scripts.

    This command is not intended to be used by normal users, as it is

    primarily useful for importing from other SCMs.

recover::

    Recover from an interrupted commit or pull.

    This command tries to fix the repository status after an interrupted

    operation. It should only be necessary when Mercurial suggests it.

remove [files ...]::

    Schedule the indicated files for removal from the repository.

    This command shedules the files to be removed at the next commit.

    This only removes files from the current branch, not from the

    entire project history.

    aliases: rm

revert [names ...]::

    Revert any uncommitted modifications made to the named files or

    directories.  This restores the contents of the affected files to

    an unmodified state.

    If a file has been deleted, it is recreated.  If the executable

    mode of a file was changed, it is reset.

    If a directory is given, all files in that directory and its

    subdirectories are reverted.

    If no arguments are given, all files in the current directory and

    its subdirectories are reverted.

    options:

    -r, --rev <rev>       revision to revert to

    -n, --nonrecursive    do not recurse into subdirectories

root::

    Print the root directory of the current repository.

serve [options]::

    Start a local HTTP repository browser and pull server.

    By default, the server logs accesses to stdout and errors to

    stderr.  Use the "-A" and "-E" options to log to files.

    options:

    -A, --accesslog <file>   name of access log file to write to

    -E, --errorlog <file>    name of error log file to write to

    -a, --address <addr>     address to use

    -p, --port <n>           port to use (default: 8000)

    -n, --name <name>        name to show in web pages (default: working dir)

    -t, --templatedir <path> web templates to use

status [options] [files]::

    Show changed files in the working directory.  If no names are

    given, all files are shown.  Otherwise, only files matching the

    given names are shown.

    The codes used to show the status of files are:

    M = changed

    A = added

    R = removed

    ? = not tracked

    options:

    -I, --include <pat>  include directories matching the given patterns

    -X, --exclude <pat>  exclude directories matching the given patterns

tag [-l -m <text> -d <datecode> -u <user>] <name> [revision]::

    Name a particular revision using <name>.

    Tags are used to name particular revisions of the repository and are

    very useful to compare different revision, to go back to significant

    earlier versions or to mark branch points as releases, etc.

    If no revision is given, the tip is used.

    To facilitate version control, distribution, and merging of tags,

    they are stored as a file named ".hgtags" which is managed

    similarly to other project files and can be hand-edited if

    necessary.

    options:

    -l, --local           make the tag local

    -m, --message <text>  message for tag commit log entry

    -d, --date <datecode> datecode for commit

    -u, --user <user>     user for commit

    Note: Local tags are not version-controlled or distributed and are

    stored in the .hg/localtags file. If there exists a local tag and

    a public tag with the same name, local tag is used.

tags::

    List the repository tags.

    This lists both regular and local tags.

tip::

    Show the tip revision.

undo::

    Undo the last commit or pull transaction.

    Roll back the last pull or commit transaction on the

    repository, restoring the project to its earlier state.

    This command should be used with care. There is only one level of

    undo and there is no redo.

    This command is not intended for use on public repositories. Once

    a change is visible for pull by other users, undoing it locally is

    ineffective.

update [-m -C] [revision]::

    Update the working directory to the specified revision.

    By default, update will refuse to run if doing so would require

    merging or discarding local changes.

    With the -m option, a merge will be performed.

    With the -C option, local changes will be lost.

    options:

    -m, --merge       allow merging of branches

    -C, --clean       overwrite locally modified files

    aliases: up checkout co

verify::

    Verify the integrity of the current repository.

    This will perform an extensive check of the repository's

    integrity, validating the hashes and checksums of each entry in

    the changelog, manifest, and tracked files, as well as the

    integrity of their crosslinks and indices.

FILE NAME PATTERNS

------------------

    Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more

    file at a time.

    By default, Mercurial treats file names as shell-style extended

    glob patterns.

    Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly.

    To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start a

    name with "path:".  These path names must match completely, from

    the root of the current repository.

    To use an extended glob, start a name with "glob:".  Globs are

    rooted at the current directory; a glob such as "*.c" will match

    files ending in ".c" in the current directory only.

    The supported glob syntax extensions are "**" to match any string

    across path separators, and "{a,b}" to mean "a or b".

    To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with "re:".

    Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository.

    Plain examples:

    path:foo/bar   a name bar in a directory named foo in the root of

                   the repository

    path:path:name a file or directory named "path:name"

    Glob examples:

    glob:*.c       any name ending in ".c" in the current directory

    *.c            any name ending in ".c" in the current directory

    **.c           any name ending in ".c" in the current directory, or

                   any subdirectory

    foo/*.c        any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo

    foo/**.c       any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo, or any

                   subdirectory

    Regexp examples:

    re:.*\.c$      any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repsitory

SPECIFYING SINGLE REVISIONS

---------------------------

    Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying individual

    revisions.

    A plain integer is treated as a revision number.  Negative

    integers are treated as offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting the

    tip.

    A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision

    identifier.

    A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a

    unique revision identifier, and referred to as a short-form

    identifier.  A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the

    prefix of one full-length identifier.

    Any other string is treated as a tag name, which is a symbolic

    name associated with a revision identifier.  Tag names may not

    contain the ":" character.

    The reserved name "tip" is a special tag that always identifies

    the most recent revision.

SPECIFYING MULTIPLE REVISIONS