rust/README.rst
author Raphaël Gomès <rgomes@octobus.net>
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rust: update the README with more up-to-date and thorough information Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D8274
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===================
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Mercurial Rust Code
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===================
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This directory contains various Rust code for the Mercurial project.
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Rust is not required to use (or build) Mercurial, but using it
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improves performance in some areas.
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There are currently three independent rust projects:
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- chg. An implementation of chg, in rust instead of C.
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- hgcli. A experiment for starting hg in rust rather than in python,
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  by linking with the python runtime. Probably meant to be replaced by
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  PyOxidizer at some point.
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- hg-core (and hg-cpython): implementation of some
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  functionality of mercurial in rust, e.g. ancestry computations in
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  revision graphs, status or pull discovery. The top-level ``Cargo.toml`` file
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  defines a workspace containing these crates.
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Using Rust code
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===============
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Local use (you need to clean previous build artifacts if you have
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built without rust previously)::
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  $ make PURE=--rust local # to use ./hg
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  $ ./tests/run-tests.py --rust # to run all tests
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  $ ./hg debuginstall | grep -i rust # to validate rust is in use
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  checking Rust extensions (installed)
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  checking module policy (rust+c-allow)
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  checking "re2" regexp engine Rust bindings (installed)
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If the environment variable ``HGWITHRUSTEXT=cpython`` is set, the Rust
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extension will be used by default unless ``--no-rust``.
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One day we may use this environment variable to switch to new experimental
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binding crates like a hypothetical ``HGWITHRUSTEXT=hpy``.
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Using the full ``hg status`` extension
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--------------------------------------
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The code for ``hg status`` needs to conform to ``.hgignore`` rules, which are
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all translated into regex. For compatibility and ease of development reasons
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the Re2 regex engine is in use until we figure out if the ``regex`` crate has
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similar enough behavior. This implies that you need to install ``Re2``
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following Google's guidelines: https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Install
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Then, use ``HG_RUST_FEATURES=with-re2`` when building ``hg`` to use the full
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status code.
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Developing Rust
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===============
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The current version of Rust in use is ``1.34.2``, because it's what Debian
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stable has. You can use ``rustup override set 1.34.2`` at the root of the repo
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to make it easier on you.
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Go to the ``hg-cpython`` folder::
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  $ cd rust/hg-cpython
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Or, only the ``hg-core`` folder. Be careful not to break compatibility::
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  $ cd rust/hg-core
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Simply run::
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   $ cargo build --release
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It is possible to build without ``--release``, but it is not
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recommended if performance is of any interest: there can be an order
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of magnitude of degradation when removing ``--release``.
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For faster builds, you may want to skip code generation::
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  $ cargo check
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For even faster typing::
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  $ cargo c
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You can run only the rust-specific tests (as opposed to tests of
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mercurial as a whole) with::
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  $ cargo test --all
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Formatting the code
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-------------------
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We use ``rustfmt`` to keep the code formatted at all times. For now, we are
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using the nightly version because it has been stable enough and provides
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comment folding.
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To format the entire Rust workspace::
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  $ cargo +nightly fmt
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This requires you to have the nightly toolchain installed.
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Additional features
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-------------------
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As mentioned in the section about ``hg status``, code paths using ``re2`` are
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opt-in.
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For example::
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  $ cargo check --features with-re2
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