$ hg init repo

  $ cd repo

  $ touch foo

  $ hg add foo

  $ for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11; do

  >    echo "foo-$i" >> foo

  >    hg ci -m "foo-$i"

  > done

  $ for out in "%nof%N" "%%%H" "%b-%R" "%h" "%r" "%m"; do

  >    echo

  >    echo "# foo-$out.patch"

  >    hg export -v -o "foo-$out.patch" 2:tip

  > done

  # foo-%nof%N.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-01of10.patch

  foo-02of10.patch

  foo-03of10.patch

  foo-04of10.patch

  foo-05of10.patch

  foo-06of10.patch

  foo-07of10.patch

  foo-08of10.patch

  foo-09of10.patch

  foo-10of10.patch

  # foo-%%%H.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-%617188a1c80f869a7b66c85134da88a6fb145f67.patch

  foo-%dd41a5ff707a5225204105611ba49cc5c229d55f.patch

  foo-%f95a5410f8664b6e1490a4af654e4b7d41a7b321.patch

  foo-%4346bcfde53b4d9042489078bcfa9c3e28201db2.patch

  foo-%afda8c3a009cc99449a05ad8aa4655648c4ecd34.patch

  foo-%35284ce2b6b99c9d2ac66268fe99e68e1974e1aa.patch

  foo-%9688c41894e6931305fa7165a37f6568050b4e9b.patch

  foo-%747d3c68f8ec44bb35816bfcd59aeb50b9654c2f.patch

  foo-%5f17a83f5fbd9414006a5e563eab4c8a00729efd.patch

  foo-%f3acbafac161ec68f1598af38f794f28847ca5d3.patch

  # foo-%b-%R.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-repo-2.patch

  foo-repo-3.patch

  foo-repo-4.patch

  foo-repo-5.patch

  foo-repo-6.patch

  foo-repo-7.patch

  foo-repo-8.patch

  foo-repo-9.patch

  foo-repo-10.patch

  foo-repo-11.patch

  # foo-%h.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-617188a1c80f.patch

  foo-dd41a5ff707a.patch

  foo-f95a5410f866.patch

  foo-4346bcfde53b.patch

  foo-afda8c3a009c.patch

  foo-35284ce2b6b9.patch

  foo-9688c41894e6.patch

  foo-747d3c68f8ec.patch

  foo-5f17a83f5fbd.patch

  foo-f3acbafac161.patch

  # foo-%r.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-02.patch

  foo-03.patch

  foo-04.patch

  foo-05.patch

  foo-06.patch

  foo-07.patch

  foo-08.patch

  foo-09.patch

  foo-10.patch

  foo-11.patch

  # foo-%m.patch

  exporting patches:

  foo-foo_2.patch

  foo-foo_3.patch

  foo-foo_4.patch

  foo-foo_5.patch

  foo-foo_6.patch

  foo-foo_7.patch

  foo-foo_8.patch

  foo-foo_9.patch

  foo-foo_10.patch

  foo-foo_11.patch

Doing it again clobbers the files rather than appending:

  $ hg export -v -o "foo-%m.patch" 2:3

  exporting patches:

  foo-foo_2.patch

  foo-foo_3.patch

  $ grep HG foo-foo_2.patch | wc -l

  \s*1 (re)

  $ grep HG foo-foo_3.patch | wc -l

  \s*1 (re)

Exporting 4 changesets to a file:

  $ hg export -o export_internal 1 2 3 4

  $ grep HG export_internal | wc -l

  \s*4 (re)

Doing it again clobbers the file rather than appending:

  $ hg export -o export_internal 1 2 3 4

  $ grep HG export_internal | wc -l

  \s*4 (re)

Exporting 4 changesets to stdout:

  $ hg export 1 2 3 4 | grep HG | wc -l

  \s*4 (re)

Exporting revision -2 to a file:

  $ hg export -- -2

  # HG changeset patch

  # User test

  # Date 0 0

  #      Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  # Node ID 5f17a83f5fbd9414006a5e563eab4c8a00729efd

  # Parent  747d3c68f8ec44bb35816bfcd59aeb50b9654c2f

  foo-10

  diff -r 747d3c68f8ec -r 5f17a83f5fbd foo

  --- a/foo	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  +++ b/foo	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  @@ -8,3 +8,4 @@

   foo-7

   foo-8

   foo-9

  +foo-10

Checking if only alphanumeric characters are used in the file name (%m option):

  $ echo "line" >> foo

  $ hg commit -m " !\"#$%&(,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_\`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"

  $ hg export -v -o %m.patch tip

  exporting patch:

  ____________0123456789_______ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ______abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz____.patch

Catch exporting unknown revisions (especially empty revsets, see issue3353)

  $ hg export

  $ hg export ""

  hg: parse error: empty query

  [255]

  $ hg export 999

  abort: unknown revision '999'!

  [255]

  $ hg export "not all()"

  abort: export requires at least one changeset

  [255]

Check for color output

  $ echo "[color]" >> $HGRCPATH

  $ echo "mode = ansi" >> $HGRCPATH

  $ echo "[extensions]" >> $HGRCPATH

  $ echo "color=" >> $HGRCPATH

  $ hg export --color always --nodates tip

  # HG changeset patch

  # User test

  # Date 0 0

  #      Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000

  # Node ID * (glob)

  # Parent * (glob)

   !"#$%&(,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

  \x1b[0;1mdiff -r f3acbafac161 -r 197ecd81a57f foo\x1b[0m (esc)

  \x1b[0;31;1m--- a/foo\x1b[0m (esc)

  \x1b[0;32;1m+++ b/foo\x1b[0m (esc)

  \x1b[0;35m@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@\x1b[0m (esc)

   foo-9

   foo-10

   foo-11

  \x1b[0;32m+line\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ cd ..