-- RESTful API

--

-- Copyright (c) 2019-2020 Kim Alvefur

--

-- This file is MIT/X11 licensed.

local encodings = require "util.encodings";

local base64 = encodings.base64;

local errors = require "util.error";

local http = require "net.http";

local id = require "util.id";

local jid = require "util.jid";

local json = require "util.json";

local st = require "util.stanza";

local um = require "core.usermanager";

local xml = require "util.xml";

local have_cbor, cbor = pcall(require, "cbor");

local jsonmap = module:require"jsonmap";

local tokens = module:depends("tokenauth");

local auth_mechanisms = module:get_option_set("rest_auth_mechanisms", { "Basic", "Bearer" });

local www_authenticate_header;

do

	local header, realm = {}, module.host.."/"..module.name;

	for mech in auth_mechanisms do

		header[#header+1] = ("%s realm=%q"):format(mech, realm);

	end

	www_authenticate_header = table.concat(header, ", ");

end

-- Bearer token

local function check_credentials(request)

	local auth_type, auth_data = string.match(request.headers.authorization, "^(%S+)%s(.+)$");

	if not (auth_type and auth_data) or not auth_mechanisms:contains(auth_type) then

		return false;

	end

	if auth_type == "Basic" then

		local creds = base64.decode(auth_data);

		if not creds then return false; end

		local username, password = string.match(creds, "^([^:]+):(.*)$");

		if not username then return false; end

		username, password = encodings.stringprep.nodeprep(username), encodings.stringprep.saslprep(password);

		if not username then return false; end

		if not um.test_password(username, module.host, password) then

			return false;

		end

		return { username = username, host = module.host };

	elseif auth_type == "Bearer" then

		local token_info = tokens.get_token_info(auth_data);

		if not token_info or not token_info.session then

			return false;

		end

		return token_info.session;

	end

	return nil;

end

-- (table, string) -> table

local function amend_from_path(data, path)

	local st_kind, st_type, st_to = path:match("^([mpi]%w+)/(%w+)/(.*)$");

	if not st_kind then return; end

	if st_kind == "iq" and st_type ~= "get" and st_type ~= "set" then

		-- GET /iq/disco/jid

		data.kind = "iq";

		data.type = "get";

		data[st_type] = true;

	else

		data.kind = st_kind;

		data.type = st_type;

	end

	if st_to and st_to ~= "" then

		data.to = st_to;

	end

	return data;

end

local function parse(mimetype, data, path) --> Stanza, error enum

	mimetype = mimetype and mimetype:match("^[^; ]*");

	if mimetype == "application/xmpp+xml" then

		return xml.parse(data);

	elseif mimetype == "application/json" then

		local parsed, err = json.decode(data);

		if not parsed then

			return parsed, err;

		end

		if path and not amend_from_path(parsed, path) then return nil, "invalid-path"; end

		return jsonmap.json2st(parsed);

	elseif mimetype == "application/cbor" and have_cbor then

		local parsed, err = cbor.decode(data);

		if not parsed then

			return parsed, err;

		end

		return jsonmap.json2st(parsed);

	elseif mimetype == "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"then

		local parsed = http.formdecode(data);

		if type(parsed) == "string" then

			return parse("text/plain", parsed);

		end

		for i = #parsed, 1, -1 do

			parsed[i] = nil;

		end

		if path and not amend_from_path(parsed, path) then return nil, "invalid-path"; end

		return jsonmap.json2st(parsed);

	elseif mimetype == "text/plain" then

		if not path then

			return st.message({ type = "chat" }, data);

		end

		local parsed = {};

		if not amend_from_path(parsed, path) then return nil, "invalid-path"; end

		if parsed.kind == "message" then

			parsed.body = data;

		elseif parsed.kind == "presence" then

			parsed.show = data;

		else

			return nil, "invalid-path";

		end

		return jsonmap.json2st(parsed);

	elseif not mimetype and path then

		local parsed = amend_from_path({}, path);

		if not parsed then return nil, "invalid-path"; end

		return jsonmap.json2st(parsed);

	end

	return nil, "unknown-payload-type";

end

local function decide_type(accept, supported_types)

	-- assumes the accept header is sorted

	local ret = supported_types[1];

	for i = 2, #supported_types do

		if (accept:find(supported_types[i], 1, true) or 1000) < (accept:find(ret, 1, true) or 1000) then

			ret = supported_types[i];

		end

	end

	return ret;

end

local supported_inputs = {

	"application/xmpp+xml",

	"application/json",

	"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",

	"text/plain",

};

local supported_outputs = {

	"application/xmpp+xml",

	"application/json",

	"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",

};

if have_cbor then

	table.insert(supported_inputs, "application/cbor");

	table.insert(supported_outputs, "application/cbor");

end

-- Only { string : string } can be form-encoded, discard the rest

-- (jsonmap also discards anything unknown or unsupported)

local function flatten(t)

	local form = {};

	for k, v in pairs(t) do

		if type(v) == "string" then

			form[k] = v;

		elseif type(v) == "number" then

			form[k] = tostring(v);

		elseif v == true then

			form[k] = "";

		end

	end

	return form;

end

local function encode(type, s)

	if type == "application/json" then

		return json.encode(jsonmap.st2json(s));

	elseif type == "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" then

		return http.formencode(flatten(jsonmap.st2json(s)));

	elseif type == "application/cbor" then

		return cbor.encode(jsonmap.st2json(s));

	elseif type == "text/plain" then

		return s:get_child_text("body") or "";

	end

	return tostring(s);

end

local post_errors = errors.init("mod_rest", {

	noauthz = { code = 401, type = "auth", condition = "not-authorized", text = "No credentials provided" },

	unauthz = { code = 403, type = "auth", condition = "not-authorized", text = "Credentials not accepted" },

	parse = { code = 400, condition = "not-well-formed", text = "Failed to parse payload", },

	xmlns = { code = 422, condition = "invalid-namespace", text = "'xmlns' attribute must be empty", },

	name = { code = 422, condition = "unsupported-stanza-type", text = "Invalid stanza, must be 'message', 'presence' or 'iq'.", },

	to = { code = 422, condition = "improper-addressing", text = "Invalid destination JID", },

	from = { code = 422, condition = "invalid-from", text = "Invalid source JID", },

	post_auth = { code = 403, condition = "not-authorized", text = "Not authorized to send stanza with requested 'from'", },

	iq_type = { code = 422, condition = "invalid-xml", text = "'iq' stanza must be of type 'get' or 'set'", },

	iq_tags = { code = 422, condition = "bad-format", text = "'iq' stanza must have exactly one child tag", },

	mediatype = { code = 415, condition = "bad-format", text = "Unsupported media type" },

});

-- GET → iq-get

local function parse_request(request, path)

	if path and request.method == "GET" then

		-- e.g. /verison/{to}

		return parse(nil, nil, "iq/"..path);

	else

		return parse(request.headers.content_type, request.body, path);

	end

end

local function handle_request(event, path)

	local request, response = event.request, event.response;

	local from;

	local origin;

	if not request.headers.authorization then

		response.headers.www_authenticate = www_authenticate_header;

		return post_errors.new("noauthz");

	else

		origin = check_credentials(request);

		if not origin then

			return post_errors.new("unauthz");

		end

		from = jid.join(origin.username, origin.host, origin.resource);

	end

	local payload, err = parse_request(request, path);

	if not payload then

		-- parse fail

		local ctx = { error = err, type = request.headers.content_type, data = request.body, };

		if err == "unknown-payload-type" then

			return post_errors.new("mediatype", ctx);

		end

		return post_errors.new("parse", ctx);

	end

	if payload.attr.xmlns then

		return post_errors.new("xmlns");

	elseif payload.name ~= "message" and payload.name ~= "presence" and payload.name ~= "iq" then

		return post_errors.new("name");

	end

	local to = jid.prep(payload.attr.to);

	if not to then

		return post_errors.new("to");

	end

	if payload.attr.from then

		local requested_from = jid.prep(payload.attr.from);

		if not requested_from then

			return post_errors.new("from");

		end

		if jid.compare(requested_from, from) then

			from = requested_from;

		else

			return post_errors.new("from_auth");

		end

	end

	payload.attr = {

		from = from,

		to = to,

		id = payload.attr.id or id.medium(),

		type = payload.attr.type,

		["xml:lang"] = payload.attr["xml:lang"],

	};

	module:log("debug", "Received[rest]: %s", payload:top_tag());

	local send_type = decide_type((request.headers.accept or "") ..",".. (request.headers.content_type or ""), supported_outputs)

	if payload.name == "iq" then

		function origin.send(stanza)

			module:send(stanza);

		end

		if payload.attr.type ~= "get" and payload.attr.type ~= "set" then

			return post_errors.new("iq_type");

		elseif #payload.tags ~= 1 then

			return post_errors.new("iq_tags");

		end

		return module:send_iq(payload, origin):next(

			function (result)

				module:log("debug", "Sending[rest]: %s", result.stanza:top_tag());

				response.headers.content_type = send_type;

				return encode(send_type, result.stanza);

			end,

			function (error)

				if not errors.is_err(error) then

					module:log("error", "Uncaught native error: %s", error);

					return select(2, errors.coerce(nil, error));

				elseif error.context and error.context.stanza then

					response.headers.content_type = send_type;

					module:log("debug", "Sending[rest]: %s", error.context.stanza:top_tag());

					return encode(send_type, error.context.stanza);

				else

					return error;

				end

			end);

	else

		function origin.send(stanza)

			module:log("debug", "Sending[rest]: %s", stanza:top_tag());

			response.headers.content_type = send_type;

			response:send(encode(send_type, stanza));

			return true;

		end

		module:send(payload, origin);

		return 202;

	end

end

-- Handle stanzas submitted via HTTP

module:depends("http");

module:provides("http", {

		route = {

			POST = handle_request;

			["POST /*"] = handle_request;

			["GET /*"] = handle_request;

		};

	});

-- Forward stanzas from XMPP to HTTP and return any reply

local rest_url = module:get_option_string("rest_callback_url", nil);

if rest_url then

	local send_type = module:get_option_string("rest_callback_content_type", "application/xmpp+xml");

	if send_type == "json" then

		send_type = "application/json";

	end

	module:set_status("info", "Not yet connected");

	http.request(rest_url, {

			method = "OPTIONS",

		}, function (body, code, response)

			if code == 0 then

				return module:log_status("error", "Could not connect to callback URL %q: %s", rest_url, body);

			else

				module:set_status("info", "Connected");

			end

			if code == 200 and response.headers.accept then

				send_type = decide_type(response.headers.accept, supported_outputs);

				module:log("debug", "Set 'rest_callback_content_type' = %q based on Accept header", send_type);

			end

		end);

	local code2err = require "net.http.errors".registry;

	local function handle_stanza(event)