tests: add tests and document expectations from visit_children_set in rust
The tests this patch are adding have the form of formal spec in
invariants::visit_children_set::holds,
and then a series of checks that all examples must satisfy this
formal spec.
I tried to make the spec consistent with how this function is used
and how it was originally conceived. This is in conflict with how it's
documented in Rust. Some of the implementations also fail to implement
this spec, which leads to bugs, in particular when complicated patterns
are used with `hg status`.
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https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/ContributingChanges
If you just want a checklist to follow, you can go straight to
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/ContributingChanges#Submission_checklist
If you can't run the entire testsuite for some reason (it can be
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any files you've modified and run `python contrib/check-commit` on any
commits you've made (for example, `python contrib/check-commit
273ce12ad8f1` will report some style violations on a very old commit).