$ cat >> $HGRCPATH <<EOF
  > [extensions]
  > graphlog=
  > 
  > [alias]
  > myinit = init
  > cleanstatus = status -c
  > unknown = bargle
  > ambiguous = s
  > recursive = recursive
  > nodefinition =
  > no--cwd = status --cwd elsewhere
  > no-R = status -R elsewhere
  > no--repo = status --repo elsewhere
  > no--repository = status --repository elsewhere
  > mylog = log
  > lognull = log -r null
  > shortlog = log --template '{rev} {node|short} | {date|isodate}\n'
  > dln = lognull --debug
  > nousage = rollback
  > put = export -r 0 -o "\$FOO/%R.diff"
  > blank = !echo
  > self = !echo '\$0'
  > echo = !echo '\$@'
  > echo1 = !echo '\$1'
  > echo2 = !echo '\$2'
  > echo13 = !echo '\$1' '\$3'
  > count = !hg log -r '\$@' --template='.' | wc -c | sed -e 's/ //g'
  > mcount = !hg log \$@ --template='.' | wc -c | sed -e 's/ //g'
  > rt = root
  > tglog = glog --template "{rev}:{node|short}: '{desc}' {branches}\n"
  > idalias = id
  > idaliaslong = id
  > idaliasshell = !echo test
  > parentsshell1 = !echo one
  > parentsshell2 = !echo two
  > 
  > [defaults]
  > mylog = -q
  > lognull = -q
  > log = -v
  > EOF


basic

  $ hg myinit alias


unknown

  $ hg unknown
  alias 'unknown' resolves to unknown command 'bargle'
  $ hg help unknown
  alias 'unknown' resolves to unknown command 'bargle'


ambiguous

  $ hg ambiguous
  alias 'ambiguous' resolves to ambiguous command 's'
  $ hg help ambiguous
  alias 'ambiguous' resolves to ambiguous command 's'


recursive

  $ hg recursive
  alias 'recursive' resolves to unknown command 'recursive'
  $ hg help recursive
  alias 'recursive' resolves to unknown command 'recursive'


no definition

  $ hg nodef
  no definition for alias 'nodefinition'
  $ hg help nodef
  no definition for alias 'nodefinition'


invalid options

  $ hg no--cwd
  error in definition for alias 'no--cwd': --cwd may only be given on the command line
  $ hg help no--cwd
  error in definition for alias 'no--cwd': --cwd may only be given on the command line
  $ hg no-R
  error in definition for alias 'no-R': -R may only be given on the command line
  $ hg help no-R
  error in definition for alias 'no-R': -R may only be given on the command line
  $ hg no--repo
  error in definition for alias 'no--repo': --repo may only be given on the command line
  $ hg help no--repo
  error in definition for alias 'no--repo': --repo may only be given on the command line
  $ hg no--repository
  error in definition for alias 'no--repository': --repository may only be given on the command line
  $ hg help no--repository
  error in definition for alias 'no--repository': --repository may only be given on the command line

  $ cd alias


no usage

  $ hg nousage
  no rollback information available

  $ echo foo > foo
  $ hg ci -Amfoo
  adding foo


with opts

  $ hg cleanst
  C foo


with opts and whitespace

  $ hg shortlog
  0 e63c23eaa88a | 1970-01-01 00:00 +0000


interaction with defaults

  $ hg mylog
  0:e63c23eaa88a
  $ hg lognull
  -1:000000000000


properly recursive

  $ hg dln
  changeset:   -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  parent:      -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  parent:      -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  manifest:    -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  user:        
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  extra:       branch=default
  


path expanding

  $ FOO=`pwd` hg put
  $ cat 0.diff
  # HG changeset patch
  # User test
  # Date 0 0
  # Node ID e63c23eaa88ae77967edcf4ea194d31167c478b0
  # Parent  0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  foo
  
  diff -r 000000000000 -r e63c23eaa88a foo
  --- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  +++ b/foo	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  @@ -0,0 +1,1 @@
  +foo


simple shell aliases

  $ hg blank
  
  $ hg blank foo
  
  $ hg self
  self
  $ hg echo
  
  $ hg echo foo
  foo
  $ hg echo 'test $2' foo
  test $2 foo
  $ hg echo1 foo bar baz
  foo
  $ hg echo2 foo bar baz
  bar
  $ hg echo13 foo bar baz test
  foo baz
  $ hg echo2 foo
  
  $ echo bar > bar
  $ hg ci -qA -m bar
  $ hg count .
  1
  $ hg count 'branch(default)'
  2
  $ hg mcount -r '"branch(default)"'
  2

  $ hg tglog
  @  1:7e7f92de180e: 'bar'
  |
  o  0:e63c23eaa88a: 'foo'
  


shadowing

  $ hg i
  hg: command 'i' is ambiguous:
      idalias idaliaslong idaliasshell identify import incoming init
  [255]
  $ hg id
  7e7f92de180e tip
  $ hg ida
  hg: command 'ida' is ambiguous:
      idalias idaliaslong idaliasshell
  [255]
  $ hg idalias
  7e7f92de180e tip
  $ hg idaliasl
  7e7f92de180e tip
  $ hg idaliass
  test
  $ hg parentsshell
  hg: command 'parentsshell' is ambiguous:
      parentsshell1 parentsshell2
  [255]
  $ hg parentsshell1
  one
  $ hg parentsshell2
  two


shell aliases with global options

  $ hg init sub
  $ cd sub
  $ hg count 'branch(default)'
  0
  $ hg -v count 'branch(default)'
  0
  $ hg -R .. count 'branch(default)'
  0
  $ hg --cwd .. count 'branch(default)'
  2
  $ hg echo --cwd ..
  --cwd ..


repo specific shell aliases

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [alias]
  > subalias = !echo sub \$@
  > EOF
  $ cat >> ../.hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [alias]
  > mainalias = !echo main \$@
  > EOF


shell alias defined in current repo

  $ hg subalias
  sub
  $ hg --cwd .. subalias > /dev/null
  hg: unknown command 'subalias'
  [255]
  $ hg -R .. subalias > /dev/null
  hg: unknown command 'subalias'
  [255]


shell alias defined in other repo

  $ hg mainalias > /dev/null
  hg: unknown command 'mainalias'
  [255]
  $ hg -R .. mainalias
  main
  $ hg --cwd .. mainalias
  main


invalid arguments

  $ hg rt foo
  hg rt: invalid arguments
  hg rt 
  
  alias for: hg root
  
  print the root (top) of the current working directory
  
      Print the root directory of the current repository.
  
      Returns 0 on success.
  
  use "hg -v help rt" to show global options
  [255]

invalid global arguments for normal commands, aliases, and shell aliases

  $ hg --invalid root
  hg: option --invalid not recognized
  Mercurial Distributed SCM
  
  basic commands:
  
   add        add the specified files on the next commit
   annotate   show changeset information by line for each file
   clone      make a copy of an existing repository
   commit     commit the specified files or all outstanding changes
   diff       diff repository (or selected files)
   export     dump the header and diffs for one or more changesets
   forget     forget the specified files on the next commit
   init       create a new repository in the given directory
   log        show revision history of entire repository or files
   merge      merge working directory with another revision
   pull       pull changes from the specified source
   push       push changes to the specified destination
   remove     remove the specified files on the next commit
   serve      start stand-alone webserver
   status     show changed files in the working directory
   summary    summarize working directory state
   update     update working directory (or switch revisions)
  
  use "hg help" for the full list of commands or "hg -v" for details
  [255]
  $ hg --invalid mylog
  hg: option --invalid not recognized
  Mercurial Distributed SCM
  
  basic commands:
  
   add        add the specified files on the next commit
   annotate   show changeset information by line for each file
   clone      make a copy of an existing repository
   commit     commit the specified files or all outstanding changes
   diff       diff repository (or selected files)
   export     dump the header and diffs for one or more changesets
   forget     forget the specified files on the next commit
   init       create a new repository in the given directory
   log        show revision history of entire repository or files
   merge      merge working directory with another revision
   pull       pull changes from the specified source
   push       push changes to the specified destination
   remove     remove the specified files on the next commit
   serve      start stand-alone webserver
   status     show changed files in the working directory
   summary    summarize working directory state
   update     update working directory (or switch revisions)
  
  use "hg help" for the full list of commands or "hg -v" for details
  [255]
  $ hg --invalid blank
  hg: option --invalid not recognized
  Mercurial Distributed SCM
  
  basic commands:
  
   add        add the specified files on the next commit
   annotate   show changeset information by line for each file
   clone      make a copy of an existing repository
   commit     commit the specified files or all outstanding changes
   diff       diff repository (or selected files)
   export     dump the header and diffs for one or more changesets
   forget     forget the specified files on the next commit
   init       create a new repository in the given directory
   log        show revision history of entire repository or files
   merge      merge working directory with another revision
   pull       pull changes from the specified source
   push       push changes to the specified destination
   remove     remove the specified files on the next commit
   serve      start stand-alone webserver
   status     show changed files in the working directory
   summary    summarize working directory state
   update     update working directory (or switch revisions)
  
  use "hg help" for the full list of commands or "hg -v" for details
  [255]